Eventually, the Greenwich Observatory, the UK National Physical Library, and the US Naval Observatory synchronized their radio signals, creating Coordinated Universal Time in 1960. They used radio to broadcast time signals. People found that the atomic clock was suitable for use anywhere and that it maintained a high level of accuracy. That frequency then becomes the basis for a period of one second. It records the radio wave frequency that results in the most vibrating cesium atoms as they pass through a tube compartment. This device keeps track of the vibratory changes in the energy state of cesium atoms as it exposes them to radio waves. In 1955, however, Louis Essen invented the world’s first cesium atomic clock. This is mostly due to the fact that the time it takes the Earth to rotate on its axis actually changes instead of remaining constant. The issue with this method for keeping time was that it was not extremely precise and could be difficult to reference for those who were farther from the Prime Meridian.
In this way, Universal Time (UT), based solely on the rotation of Earth, came into existence. At this point, people kept time by directly observing astronomy, hence the choice of the observatory. This made the local time of that area, Greenwich Meant Time (GMT), the global standard. This zero-degree coordinate was called the Prime Meridian, and it intersected with the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England. The purpose of this meeting was to set a specific longitude coordinate on Earth as zero, thereby allowing people in different countries to follow a common system of coordinated time zones. In 1884, 26 countries from around the world converged in Washington, DC, in the International Meridian Conference. How did people arrive at a universal time system in the first place, though? Read about the history of Coordinated Universal Time to find out. Network time protocol (NTP) clocks synchronize themselves with Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) information from accurate time servers.
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